The management of Romania’s indirect tax system falls under the purview of the Ministry of Public Finance, with the National Agency for Fiscal Administration (ANAF) playing a key role in its administration.
The framework for the Romanian Value Added Tax (VAT) system is established by the “2016 Romanian VAT Code,” a component of the broader “2016 Fiscal Code,” and is further detailed in the “2016 Methodological Norms.” This system adheres to the European Union VAT Directive to maintain uniformity with other EU member states, reflecting Romania’s membership in the EU since 2007.
Everything related to VAT in Romania is included in our comprehensive guide below.
Romanian VAT code specifically states that the following transactions are taxable:
However, there are also transactions enumerated in the code that are not considered as a supply of goods. These are:
Taxable persons include:
Tax Authority | Romanian Ministry of Finance |
VAT in local languages | Taxa pe Valoarea Adaugata (TVA) |
Currency | Romanian Leu (RON) |
VAT number format | RO + 8 characters |
RO12345678 | |
VAT rates | Standard 19%; Reduced 9%, 5% |
Zero-rated (0%) and exempt | |
Thresholds |
|
Registration | |
Established | RON 300,000 |
Non-established | None |
Intra-Community supplies | RON 900,000 |
Intra-EU Dispatches/Arrivals | RON 900,000 |
Intra-EU Distance sales and electronically supplied services to consumers (OSS) | EUR 10,000 |
VAT Group | Applicable but differs from the concept of a VAT group as provided for in the EU VAT Directive. |
Voluntary Registration | Individuals, Companies and even Non-residents may apply for VAT registration voluntarily. |
Recovery of VAT by non-established businesses | Yes |
Compliance Returns and Deadlines |
|
VAT Return | 25th of the month following the end of the period. |
Frequency | Monthly and quarterly. |
European Sales Listing | 25th of the month following the end of the period. |
Intrastat (M) | 15th of the month following the end of the period. |
Electronic Invoicing | Not mandatory in Romania but may be used voluntarily; however, it is required for most business-to-government (B2G) transactions. |
Last Updated: 03/01/2024
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